Go

Last verified end to end: 2026-07-14 (query_code schema version 2).

For exact inbound and outbound symbol edges, proof tiers, and adapter-specific caveats, see Reference Traversal.

Go normalizes selector calls, functions and methods, type declarations and aliases, function literals, grouped imports, multi-value assignments, returns, conditionals, and loops. It does not model keyword arguments or decorators.

Fixture

package app

import (
    "context"
    log "fmt"
)

type Service struct{}
type ServiceAlias = Service

func load() ([]string, error) { return nil, nil }

func (s Service) Send(ctx context.Context, value string) string {
    return value
}

func run(primary Service, backup Service) string {
    values, err := load()
    if err != nil {
        return ""
    }
    go func() { backup.Send(context.Background(), "background") }()
    for _, value := range values {
        primary.Send(context.Background(), value)
    }
    log.Println(err)
    return values[0]
}

Exclude A Call By Descendant Shape

Both services call Send. not_has removes the call containing the literal "background"; inside and path/language scoping keep the query local to run.

(inside
  (function :name "run")
  (where "go/**/*.go"
    (language go
      (call
        :callee "Send"
        :args [(capture "context") (capture "value")]
        (not-has (string_literal (text/regex "background")))))))

{
  "where": ["go/**/*.go"],
  "languages": ["go"],
  "match": {
    "kind": "call",
    "callee": {"name": "Send"},
    "args": [{"capture": "context"}, {"capture": "value"}],
    "not_has": {"kind": "string_literal", "text": {"regex": "background"}}
  },
  "inside": {"kind": "function", "name": "run"}
}

{
  "results": [
    {
      "result_type": "structural_match",
      "path": "go/app.go",
      "language": "go",
      "kind": "call",
      "start_line": 24,
      "end_line": 24,
      "text": "primary.Send(context.Background(), value)",
      "captures": [
        {"name":"context","text":"context.Background()","start_line":24},
        {"name":"value","text":"value","start_line":24}
      ],
      "enclosing_symbol": "go.run"
    }
  ],
  "truncated": false
}

Match A Multi-Value Assignment

Go attaches repeated structured left and right targets. This query selects the assignment containing values and a load call without parsing comma-separated text.

(assignment
  :left (identifier :name "values" :capture "first-left")
  :right (call :callee "load" :capture "loader"))

{
  "match": {
    "kind": "assignment",
    "left": {"kind": "identifier", "name": "values", "capture": "first-left"},
    "right": {"kind": "call", "callee": {"name": "load"}, "capture": "loader"}
  }
}

{
  "results": [
    {
      "result_type": "structural_match",
      "path": "go/app.go",
      "language": "go",
      "kind": "assignment",
      "start_line": 18,
      "end_line": 18,
      "text": "values, err := load()",
      "captures": [
        {"name":"first-left","text":"values","start_line":18},
        {"name":"loader","text":"load()","start_line":18}
      ],
      "enclosing_symbol": "go.run"
    }
  ],
  "truncated": false
}

Query A Grouped Import Path

The module role is the imported path, not the local alias used by later Go expressions.

(language go (import :module "fmt"))

{"languages":["go"],"match":{"kind":"import","module":{"name":"fmt"}}}

{
  "results": [
    {
      "result_type": "structural_match",
      "path": "go/app.go",
      "language": "go",
      "kind": "import",
      "start_line": 3,
      "end_line": 6,
      "text": "import (…"
    }
  ],
  "truncated": false
}

Capability Diagnostics

(language go (call :callee "Send" :kwargs [(value (capture "value"))]))

{"languages":["go"],"match":{"kind":"call","callee":{"name":"Send"},"kwargs":{"value":{"capture":"value"}}}}

{"results":[],"truncated":false,"diagnostics":[{"language":"go","message":"structural adapter for go does not support role(s): kwargs"}]}

(language go (method :name "Send" :decorators [(name "Route")]))

{"languages":["go"],"match":{"kind":"method","name":"Send","decorators":[{"name":"Route"}]}}

{"results":[],"truncated":false,"diagnostics":[{"language":"go","message":"structural adapter for go does not support role(s): decorators"}]}

Precision Boundary

The ServiceAlias type alias is a normalized declaration; Go’s type Service struct{} is class-like. Import queries expose fmt, not its local alias log. These normalized facts intentionally do not reproduce every Go declaration or binding distinction.

Traverse Indexed Types And Members

package hierarchy

type QueryRoot interface {
    QueryMember()
}

type QueryLeaf struct{}

func (QueryLeaf) QueryMember() {}

(supertypes (enclosing-decl (language go (class :name "QueryLeaf"))))

{"languages":["go"],"match":{"kind":"class","name":"QueryLeaf"},"steps":[{"op":"enclosing_decl"},{"op":"supertypes"}]}

{
  "results": [
    {
      "end_line": 5,
      "fq_name": "go.QueryRoot",
      "kind": "class",
      "language": "go",
      "path": "go/hierarchy.go",
      "provenance": [
        {
          "seed": {
            "end_line": 7,
            "kind": "class",
            "path": "go/hierarchy.go",
            "result_type": "structural_match",
            "start_line": 7
          },
          "steps": [
            {
              "op": "enclosing_decl",
              "result": {
                "end_line": 7,
                "fq_name": "go.QueryLeaf",
                "kind": "class",
                "path": "go/hierarchy.go",
                "result_type": "declaration",
                "start_line": 7
              }
            },
            {
              "op": "supertypes",
              "result": {
                "end_line": 5,
                "fq_name": "go.QueryRoot",
                "kind": "class",
                "path": "go/hierarchy.go",
                "result_type": "declaration",
                "start_line": 3
              }
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "result_type": "declaration",
      "signature": "QueryRoot interface {",
      "start_line": 3
    }
  ],
  "truncated": false
}

(owner (members (subtypes :transitive true (enclosing-decl (language go (class :name "QueryRoot"))))))

{"languages":["go"],"match":{"kind":"class","name":"QueryRoot"},"steps":[{"op":"enclosing_decl"},{"op":"subtypes","transitive":true},{"op":"members"},{"op":"owner"}]}

{
  "results": [
    {
      "end_line": 7,
      "fq_name": "go.QueryLeaf",
      "kind": "class",
      "language": "go",
      "path": "go/hierarchy.go",
      "provenance": [
        {
          "seed": {
            "end_line": 5,
            "kind": "class",
            "path": "go/hierarchy.go",
            "result_type": "structural_match",
            "start_line": 3
          },
          "steps": [
            {
              "op": "enclosing_decl",
              "result": {
                "end_line": 5,
                "fq_name": "go.QueryRoot",
                "kind": "class",
                "path": "go/hierarchy.go",
                "result_type": "declaration",
                "start_line": 3
              }
            },
            {
              "op": "subtypes",
              "result": {
                "end_line": 7,
                "fq_name": "go.QueryLeaf",
                "kind": "class",
                "path": "go/hierarchy.go",
                "result_type": "declaration",
                "start_line": 7
              }
            },
            {
              "op": "members",
              "result": {
                "end_line": 9,
                "fq_name": "go.QueryLeaf.QueryMember",
                "kind": "function",
                "path": "go/hierarchy.go",
                "result_type": "declaration",
                "start_line": 9
              }
            },
            {
              "op": "owner",
              "result": {
                "end_line": 7,
                "fq_name": "go.QueryLeaf",
                "kind": "class",
                "path": "go/hierarchy.go",
                "result_type": "declaration",
                "start_line": 7
              }
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "result_type": "declaration",
      "signature": "QueryLeaf struct {",
      "start_line": 7
    }
  ],
  "truncated": false
}